Qualitative Equilibrium

Subtopics:

• Non-equilibrium systems
• Reversible reactions
• Dynamic equilibrium
• Changes to equilibrium

Calculating Equilibrium Constant

Subtopics:

• Equilibrium constant
• Measuring equilibrium constants
• Uses of equilibrium constants
• Effect of temperature on the equilibrium constant
• Applications of Keq for different types of chemical reactions

Solution Equlibria

• Dissolution of ionic compounds
• Measuring solubility
• Australia’s first peoples – removing toxicity from foods
• Solubility rules
• Solubility equilibrium
• Relationship between the Ksp and solubility
• The common ion effect

Properties of acids and bases

Subtopicss:

• Naming inorganic compounds
• Properties of common inorganic acids and bases
• Reactions of acids
• Neutralisation reactions
• Changes in understanding of acids and bases

Using Brønsted–Lowry theory

Subtopics:

• Brønsted–Lowry revisited
• The pH scale
• Concentration versus strength of acids and bases
• Self-ionisation of water
• Defining and calculating pOH
• Applying dissociation constants for acids
• Dissociation constants for bases
• Revisiting neutralisation

Using quantitative analysis

Subtopics:

• Volumetric analysis – the basics
• Primary standard solutions
• Performing volumetric analysis
• Other types of titrations
• Keeping the balance
• Applying analysis techniques

Hydrocarbons

• Bonding in carbon
• Alkanes
• Alkenes
• Alkynes
• Halogenated organic compounds
• Isomers
• Benzene
• Properties of alkanes

Functional group compounds

• Functional groups
• Alcohols
• Aldehydes and ketones
• Carboxylic acids
• Amines and amides

Hydrocarbon reactions

• Using organic substances safely
• Unsaturated hydrocarbon reactions
• Saturated hydrocarbon reactions
• Implications of obtaining and using hydrocarbons

Alcohols

• Combustion of alcohols
• Dehydration of alcohols
• Substitution with hydrogen halides (HX)
• Oxidation of alcohols
• Production of alcohols
• Fuels from different sources

Reactions of organic acids and bases

• Esters
• Preparing esters
• Organic acids and bases
• Soaps and detergents
• Summarising organic compounds and reactions
• Designing and constructing flow charts for chemical synthesis

Polymers

• Synthetic polymers
• Addition polymers
• Relating properties, uses and structure
• Condensation polymers
• Natural polymers

Analysis of inorganic substances

• Why monitor the environment?
• Identifying ions in solution
• Identifying of cations in solution
• Identifying anions in solution
• Quantitative analysis of ions
• Instrumental quantitative techniques

Analysis of organic substances

• Chemical tests for functional groups
• Analytical techniques: Faster and better
• Mass spectroscopy
• NMR spectroscopy
• Infrared spectroscopy
• Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry
• Combining techniques

Chemical synthesis and design

• Synthesis reactions
• Designing synthesis reactions
• Yields of reactions
• Issues associated with chemical synthesis
• Green polymers – a case study in greening the plastics industry